rtrouton, 13/11/2019 | Source: Der Flounder
For those who wanted a copy of my MDM talk at Jamf Nation User Conference 2019, here are links to the slides in PDF and Keynote format.
For those folks at the talk who were interested in Privileges and ProfileCreator, please see the links below:
rtrouton, 07/11/2019 | Source: Der Flounder
Now that Apple has made direct download links available for older OS installers, I’ve written AutoPkg .download and .pkg recipes for the following macOS installers:
These recipes will download the disk images linked to the relevant KBase articles, extract the installer packages stored inside the disk images and rename the disk images and installer packages with the OS name and version number.
One thing to be aware of is that the downloaded installers do not themselves install the relevant version of macOS or OS X. Instead, they install the Install.app for that version of macOS or OS X into the /Applications directory.
The AutoPkg recipes are available via the links below:
rtrouton, 07/11/2019 | Source: Der Flounder
Apple has started making the following macOS installers available outside of the Mac App Store (MAS).
For each listed OS installer, Apple has direct download links via their relevant KBase article for InstallOS.dmg or InstallMacOSX.dmg disk images.
In turn, these disk images contain installers named InstallOS.pkg or InstallMacOSX.pkg.
These installers do not themselves install the relevant version of macOS or OS X. Instead, they install the Install.app for that macOS or OS X version into the /Applications directory.
Once the relevant Install macOS or OS X app is available, it can be used to install that OS.
The installers for the following macOS versions are still available via the MAS.
They can also be downloaded on macOS Catalina using the softwareupdate tool.
vrerodougafan, 03/11/2019 | Source: Ipadnet
タイトル：【4K匠】天才的に可愛い自慢の超美少女彼女はセックスが大好き。絶倫のボクがヘトヘトになるほど何度も何度も求めてきてはナカで本イキする中出し願望娘! 望月あられ
出演：望月あられ
時間：1時間 53分 21秒
ブランド：KMP
リリース：2019-10-26 12:00:00
カテゴリ：中出し,美少女,美乳
紹介文：誰がどう見ても天才的に可愛い!余裕でアイドル超えの国宝級美女降臨!しかも本気でイキまくるセックス好き!「朝からこんなHな気持ちにさせてさ…ずるいよ…」と起き抜けの種付けセックスに飽き足らず、夜はもっと感じる本能的で官能的なひとときを!!可愛くて性格もイイ、しかも感度と吸い付きの良い超良質ま●こと、まさにパーフェクト美女!!死ぬほど幸せな時間は褪せることのない永久の幸せ!!
rtrouton, 28/10/2019 | Source: Der Flounder
As a follow-up to last week’s expiration of the certificate used to sign previously-released macOS installers, Apple has released re-signed macOS installers with the new certificate which is good until April 2029.
For those who archive older macOS installers, this means that the macOS installers in question will need to be re-downloaded. macOS Catalina has added some new functionality to the softwareupdate tool which can assist with this. For more details, please see below the jump.
To download the latest installer for macOS Catalina, which is currently at version 10.15.0, please run the command below with root privileges:
softwareupdate --fetch-full-installer --full-installer-version 10.15
Note: Normally the version is specified as 10.x.x, but Apple has historically listed a .0 release as 10.x. So in this case, the softwareupdate command uses 10.15 for macOS 10.15.0.
You should receive a message that the the installer is downloading and installing. In this context, the message refers to installing the macOS Installer app into the /Applications directory on the Mac.
Once the process has completed, you should receive a message that installation has completed successfully.
To verify, check to make sure there is now an Install macOS Catalina app in the /Applications directory.
To download the latest installer for macOS Mojave, please run the command below with root privileges:
softwareupdate --fetch-full-installer --full-installer-version 10.14.6
To download the latest installer for macOS High Sierra, please run the command below with root privileges:
softwareupdate --fetch-full-installer --full-installer-version 10.13.6
macOS Sierra is not available for download via the softwareupdate tool, but it is available via the Mac App Store (MAS). Apple has a KBase article, available via the link below, which shows how to access the macOS Sierra page in the MAS:
https://support.apple.com/HT208202
Update 10-28-2019:
Mike Brogan correctly points out that the KBase article is no longer linking to the MAS, but instead provides a download link to a disk image file which contains the Sierra installer.
It also appears the Apple KBase article for upgrading to OS X El Capitan and the Apple KBase article for upgrading to OS X Yosemite have similar download links to a disk image file which contains the OS X installer.
To access the macOS Sierra page directly, please click on the link below:
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/macos-sierra/id1127487414?ls=1&mt=12
That link should open the MAS and take you to the macOS Sierra download page.
rtrouton, 22/10/2019 | Source: Der Flounder
Apple has introduced a number of pop-up windows over the years, which appear the first time you log into a Mac and sometimes also after OS updates. In 2016, Apple introduced one for Touch ID as part of introducing the Touch Bar.
For a long time, the only way to suppress this window from appearing was by using the command shown below:
defaults write com.apple.SetupAssistant DidSeeTouchIDSetup -bool TRUE
However, as of macOS Catalina, it is possible to suppress the Touch ID pop up window using a profile. For more details, please see below the jump.
The profile is available on GitHub via the link below:
https://github.com/rtrouton/profiles/tree/master/SkipTouchIDSetup
I also have a script for suppressing the various pop-up windows, which includes suppressing the Touch ID pop-up window. It’s available on GitHub via the link below:
For information on other pop-up windows, please see the links below:
rtrouton, 21/10/2019 | Source: Der Flounder
I recently got an email from a former colleague, requesting assistance with a problem they were seeing. They were cloning drives with macOS Catalina, but their cloning process was not including the Recovery volume. Was there a way to create a new Recovery volume on a macOS Catalina boot drive that didn’t have one?
I did some research on this and found that there was a script to do this on High Sierra and Mojave, but it didn’t appear to work anymore.
With some more digging, I was able to figure out why. The script was downloading and expanding a macOSUpd10.13.6.RecoveryHDUpdate.pkg installer package from Apple’s Software Update service in order to get access to a dm tool included with the installer package. This installer package was no longer available from the Software Update service, but a similar package named SecUpd2019-005HighSierra.RecoveryHDUpdate.pkg with the same dm tool was available.
Once I verified that I could get the same results using the SecUpd2019-005HighSierra.RecoveryHDUpdate.pkg installer package, I wrote a script (based on the original one I had found) to help automate the process of rebuilding a macOS Recovery volume or partition. For more details, please see below the jump.
Downloading the script
The create_macos_recovery script is available from the following location:
https://github.com/rtrouton/create_macos_recovery
Once you have the script downloaded, run the create_macos_recovery script using root privileges with one argument:
Using the script
If you have a macOS Catalina 10.15.0 installer application available in your Mac’s /Applications directory, run this command with root privileges:
/path/to/create_macos_recovery.sh "/Applications/Install macOS Catalina.app"
If successful, you should see output like this appear:
Once the script has finished running, you should be able to verify that you can boot into Recovery.
Testing notes
Before any use in production, I strongly recommend testing this script on test systems and verifying that this also works for you. Please see below for what I have tested this script with:
OS versions:
OS installers:
Test systems:
Note: I have only tested on systems where FileVault encryption has not been enabled.
rtrouton, 18/10/2019 | Source: Der Flounder
Apple has introduced a number of pop-up windows in various OS versions, which appear the first time you log into a Mac and sometimes also after OS updates. For macOS Catalina, Apple has introduced one for Screen Time.
To stop the Screen Time pop-up window from appearing for your home folder, run the command shown below:
defaults write com.apple.SetupAssistant DidSeeScreenTime -bool TRUE
Since you normally will be able to run this command only after you’ve seen the Screen Time pop-up window, I’ve posted a profile for suppressing it. For more details, please see below the jump.
The profile is available on GitHub via the link below:
https://github.com/rtrouton/profiles/tree/master/SkipScreenTimeSetup
I’ve also updated my script for suppressing the various pop-up windows to now also suppress the Screen Time pop-up window. It’s available on GitHub via the link below:
For information on other pop-up windows, please see the links below:
rtrouton, 17/10/2019 | Source: Der Flounder
Since its initial release in OS X Mountain Lion 10.8.x, Apple’s main tool for managing FileVault 2 encryption has been fdesetup. With the transition from managing Core Storage-based encryption on HFS+ to managing the native encryption built into Apple File System completed, this well-developed toolset continues to be Apple’s go-to tool for enabling, configuring and managing FileVault 2 on macOS Catalina.
With its various functions, fdesetup gives Mac administrators the following options for managing FileVault:
For more details, please see below the jump.
Enabling Filevault 2 Encryption For One Or Multiple Users
fdesetup is versatile when it comes to enabling FileVault 2 encryption from the command-line. To start with the simplest method, run the following command with root privileges to enable FileVault 2 encryption:
fdesetup enable
You’ll be prompted for the username and password of the primary user, which is the account you will work with at the FileVault 2 pre-boot login screen once the encryption is turned on.
If everything’s working properly, FileVault will enable and you’ll be given an alphanumeric personal recovery.
VERY IMPORTANT: The fdesetup-generated personal recovery key is not saved anywhere outside the machine. Make a record of it or you will not have a recovery key available to help unlock your Mac’s encryption in case of a problem.
You can also enable additional user accounts at the time of encryption, as long as the accounts are either local or mobile accounts on the Mac being encrypted. Run the following command with root privileges to enable FileVault 2 and specify the accounts you want:
fdesetup enable -user username -usertoadd other_username -usertoadd yet_another_username
You’ll be prompted for the passwords of the accounts specified. After that, you’ll be given an alphanumeric personal recovery key and FileVault will turn on. All of the accounts specified should appear at the FileVault 2 pre-boot login screen.
For those who want to automate the process, fdesetup also supports importing a properly formatted plist via a standard input stream (stdin). The plist needs to follow the format below:
Additional users can be included as needed by adding additional user information under the AdditionalUsers plist key.
Note: All account passwords need to be supplied in cleartext.
Once the plist has been set up and properly formatted, run the following command with root privileges to enable FileVault 2 encryption and reference the account information in the plist file:
fdesetup enable -inputplist < /path/to/filename.plist
Since the accounts and passwords are in the plist file, fdesetup does not need to prompt for passwords. Instead, the alphanumeric personal recovery key is displayed and FileVault turns on. All of the accounts specified in the plist file should appear at the FileVault 2 pre-boot login screen.
To avoid the need to enter a password, fdesetup also has a -defer flag that can be used with the enable command option to delay enabling FileVault 2 until after the current (or next) user logs out. With the -defer flag, the user will be prompted for their password at their next logout or restart. The recovery key information is not generated until the user password is obtained, so the -defer option requires a file location where this information will be written to as a plist file.
The property list file will be created as a root-only readable file and contain information similar to what’s show below.
Note: For security reasons, the plist file with the recovery key information should not stay on the encrypted system. Please copy it to a safe location and then securely delete this plist file from the encrypted system.
Run the following command with root privileges to defer enabling FileVault 2 and specify the account you want:
fdesetup enable -user username -defer /path/to/filename.plist
If there is no user account specified with the -user option, then the current logged-in user will be enabled for FileVault 2. If there is no user specified and no users are logged in when the command is run, then the next user that logs in will be chosen and enabled.
If you don’t want to specify the account, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup enable -defer /path/to/filename.plist
On logout, the user will be prompted to enter their account password.
Once entered, FileVault 2 will be enabled and the recovery information plist file will be created.
In addition to enabling FileVault 2 as part of the logout process, Apple added the ability to set a deferred enablement at login when they released OS X Yosemite. In macOS Catalina, this means that Mac admins can set a deferred enablement with the following options:
To set a deferred enablement at login, the following options may be added to fdesetup‘s -defer flag:
These additional options allow a deferred FileVault 2 enablement to be enforced at the login window, rather than waiting for a logout or restart of the Mac in question.
The -forceatlogin option must be set with an accompanying numerical value. This numerical value governs how many times the account being enabled can choose to defer having the FileVault 2 encryption process begin. For example, running the following command with root privileges will set a maximum number of ten deferral opportunities:
fdesetup enable -defer /path/to/filename.plist -forceatlogin 10
If the user chooses to defer, they will need to select the Don’t Enable button in the dialog window when it will appear. They will also be informed of how many more times they can log in before FileVault 2 encryption must be enabled.
If immediate enforcement is desired, setting a value of zero will enforce FileVault 2 encryption at the next login. To do this, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup enable -defer /path/to/filename.plist -forceatlogin 0
The fdesetup commands shown above will enforce FileVault 2 enablement at both login and logout. If only enforcement at login is desired, the -dontaskatlogout option can be used. This will prevent a deferred FileVault 2 enablement to be enforced at logout. For example, running the following command with root privileges will enforce FileVault 2 encryption at the next login but not prompt the user on logout:
fdesetup enable -defer /path/to/filename.plist -forceatlogin 0 –dontaskatlogout
An important thing to keep in mind about the –defer option is that it enables one single user account at the time of turning on FileVault 2 encryption. The –defer option does not enable multiple user accounts and cannot be used to enable accounts once FileVault 2 encryption has been turned on.
Enabling Filevault 2 Encryption Using One Or Multiple Recovery Keys
Another capability of FileVault 2 in macOS Catalina is the ability to use the alphanumeric personal recovery key, an institutional recovery key using /Library/Keychains/FileVaultMaster.keychain, or both kinds of recovery key at the same time.
As seen in the earlier examples, fdesetup will provide the alphanumeric personal recovery key by default. To use the institutional recovery key, the -keychain flag needs to be used when enabling encryption:
fdesetup enable –keychain
The alphanumeric personal recovery key is displayed, but the encryption will also use the /Library/Keychains/FileVaultMaster.keychain institutional recovery key. In case recovery is needed, either recovery key will work to unlock or decrypt the encrypted drive.
If you want to specify that only the FileVaultMaster.keychain institutional recovery key be used, both the -keychain and -norecoverykey flags need to be used when enabling encryption:
fdesetup enable -keychain –norecoverykey
fdesetup is also capable of creating an institutional recovery key, using the -certificate flag to import an existing FileVault 2 public key. Once imported, fdesetup will automatically create a FileVaultMaster.keychain file to store the public key and save the keychain to /Library/Keychains.
The public key will need to be available as a DER encoded .cer certificate file. Once the certificate is available, the following command can be run with root privileges to enable FileVault 2, automatically create the institutional recovery key with the supplied public key and store it as /Library/Keychains/FileVaultMaster.keychain:
fdesetup enable -certificate /path/to/filename.cer
To specify that only the FileVaultMaster.keychain institutional recovery key be used, add the -norecoverykey flag to the command:
fdesetup enable -certificate /path/to/filename.cer -norecoverykey
It is also possible to include the public key data in a plist file, which allows the use of a plist to set up the institutional recovery key. The plist needs to follow the format below:
Using the public key’s DER encoded certificate file, the public key data for the plist can be obtained using the base64 tool by using the following command:
base64 /path/to/filename.cer > /path/to/filename.txt
At this point, you would copy the data string contained in the text file and place it into the Certificate value area of the plist file. You would store either the password of an existing FileVault 2-enabled user or (if available) an existing personal recovery key in the Password key in the plist.
Disabling Filevault 2 Encryption
In contrast to all of the various options available for enabling FileVault 2 using fdesetup, the command to turn off FileVault 2 encryption is the following:
fdesetup disable
Adding Additional Users After Filevault 2 Has Been Enabled
Once FileVault 2 has been enabled, you can add additional users using fdesetup. To do so, you will need to a) wait until the FileVault 2 encryption has completed and b) provide both the username and password of a previously enabled account as well as the password of the account you want to add. The following command run with root privileges will enable a user account named otheruser:
fdesetup add -usertoadd otheruser
For those who want to automate the process, fdesetup also supports importing a properly formatted plist via a standard input stream (stdin). The plist needs to follow the format below:
When adding additional users using a plist file, the top level Username key is ignored, and the Password key value should either be an existing FileVault user’s password or the recovery key. Additional users can be added as needed by adding additional user information under the AdditionalUsers plist key.
Note: All account passwords need to be supplied in cleartext.
Once the plist has been set up and properly formatted, run the following command with root privileges to add additional users by referencing the account information in the plist file:
fdesetup add -inputplist < /path/to/filename.plist
Listing Current Filevault 2 Users
To list all accounts enabled for FileVault 2, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup list
All accounts will be listed with both the accounts’ username and UUID
Removing Users From The List Of Filevault 2 Enabled Accounts
You can remove users from the list of FileVault enabled accounts by using either their username or the account’s UUID. To remove the account using the username, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup remove -user username_goes_here
To remove the account using the account’s UUID, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup remove -uuid UUID_here
In both cases, successful removal of the account will not produce any additional output. If the account being removed is not currently enabled for use with FileVault 2, an error message will be displayed.
Managing Individual And Institutional Recovery Keys
fdesetup in macOS Catalina includes the ability to change, add and remove both personal and institutional recovery keys. This gives Mac admins much greater ability to manage recovery keys, including the capability to quickly update or remove compromised personal and/or institutional recovery keys in the event of a data breach or other problem.
You can add or change recovery keys using fdesetup changerecovery. To change to a new personal key, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup changerecovery -personal
You’ll be prompted for the password of an existing FileVault 2-enabled user. Once entered, a new personal recovery key will be generated and displayed. The former personal recovery key will no longer work.
For those who want to automate the process, fdesetup also supports importing a properly formatted plist via a standard input stream (stdin). The plist needs to follow the format below:
You would store either the password of an existing FileVault 2-enabled user or the existing personal recovery key in the Password key in the plist.
Once the plist has been set up and properly formatted, run the following command with root privileges to change to a new personal recovery key and reference the password or recovery key in the plist file:
fdesetup changerecovery -personal -inputplist < /path/to/filename.plist
You can also export the recovery key to a plist file using the -outputplist verb. To use a plist to import a plist with authentication credentials and export the new recovery key to a separate plist, run the following command with root privileges to change to a new personal recovery key, reference the password or recovery key in the plist file and export the recovery key to a new plist file:
In the event that the Mac in question does not have a personal recovery key, running the commands above will add a personal recovery key instead of changing an existing one.
To change to a new institutional recovery key, you will need to have the new public key available. If you have a new institutional public key available as a DER encoded certificate file, you can run the following command with root privileges to replace the current institutional key:
fdesetup changerecovery -institutional -keychain -certificate /path/to/filename.cer
If an institutional keychain is being used on this Mac, you will see a message that an existing FileVault Master keychain was found and moved. The reason for this is that, as part of this process, the current institutional key’s /Library/Keychains/FileVaultMaster.keychain file is replaced with a new /Library/Keychains/FileVaultMaster.keychain file that includes the new institutional recovery key’s public key.
While the former institutional key’s /Library/Keychains/FileVaultMaster.keychain was moved and not deleted, the former institutional recovery key will no longer work.
For those who want to automate the process, fdesetup also supports importing a properly formatted plist via a standard input stream (stdin). The plist needs to follow the format below:
fdesetup changerecovery -institutional -keychain -inputplist < /path/to/filename.plist
In the event that the Mac in question does not have an institutional recovery key, running the commands above will add an institutional recovery key instead of changing an existing one.
Removing Individual And Institutional Recovery Keys
You can remove recovery keys using fdesetup removerecovery. To remove the current personal recovery key, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup removerecovery -personal
You’ll be prompted for the password of an existing FileVault 2-enabled user. Once entered, the personal recovery key will be removed from the system. The former personal recovery key will no longer work.
For those who want to automate the process, fdesetup also supports importing a properly formatted plist via a standard input stream (stdin). The plist needs to follow the format below:
You would store either the password of an existing FileVault 2-enabled user or the existing personal recovery key in the Password key in the plist.
Once the plist has been set up and properly formatted, run the following command with root privileges to remove the current personal recovery key and reference the password or recovery key in the plist file:
fdesetup removerecovery -personal -inputplist < /path/to/filename.plist
To remove institutional recovery keys, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup removerecovery -institutional
You’ll be prompted for the password of an existing FileVault 2-enabled user, or a personal recovery key if one is available. Once entered, the institutional recovery key will be removed from the system and will no longer work.
The removal of the institutional key can also be automated using a properly formatted plist via a standard input stream (stdin). The plist is the same as the one used for removing the personal key.
Once the plist has been set up and properly formatted, run the following command with root privileges to remove the institutional recovery key and reference the password or recovery key in the plist file:
fdesetup removerecovery -institutional -inputplist < /path/to/filename.plist
It is possible to use fdesetup removerecovery to remove one or both recovery keys on a particular Mac. Once the recovery keys are removed, the only way to unlock the FileVault 2 encryption is by using the password of an enabled account. That said, you could use fdesetup changerecovery to add one or both types of recovery keys back to the encrypted Mac.
Recovery Key Reporting
To go along with the ability to manage recovery keys, fdesetup in macOS Catalina enables Mac admins to detect which types of recovery keys are in use on a particular Mac. To check if a personal recovery key is in use, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup haspersonalrecoverykey
If FileVault 2 is using a personal recovery key, this command will return true. Otherwise it will return false.
To check if an institutional recovery key is in use, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup hasinstitutionalrecoverykey
If FileVault 2 is using an institutional recovery key, this command will return true. Otherwise it will return false.
One-Time Filevault 2 Encryption Bypass
fdesetup in macOS Catalina has the authrestart verb, which allows a FileVault 2-encrypted Mac to restart, bypass the FileVault 2 pre-boot login screen, and goes straight to the OS login window. To restart and bypass the FileVault 2 pre-boot login screen, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup authrestart
When you run the fdesetup authrestart command, it asks for the password of an existing FileVault 2-enabled user.
Once authenticated, the authrestart process puts an unlock key in system memory and reboots. On reboot, the reboot process automatically clears the unlock key from memory.
It’s also possible to automate this process by importing the authentication via a properly formatted plist. The plist needs to follow the format below:
You would store either the password of an existing FileVault 2-enabled user or a personal recovery key in the Password key in the plist.
Once the plist has been set up and properly formatted, use the following command with root privileges to run the authrestart process and reference the password or recovery key in the plist file for authentication:
fdesetup authrestart -inputplist < /path/to/filename.plist
fdesetup authrestart is not supported by all Macs. To verify if a specific Mac supports authrestart, run the following command with root privileges:
fdesetup supportsauthrestart
If the Mac supports fdesetup authrestart, this command will return true. Otherwise it will return false.
Reporting On Filevault 2 Encryption Or Decryption Status
fdesetup can report on FileVault 2 encryption or decryption status. Running the following command with root privileges will display the current state:
fdesetup status
rtrouton, 16/10/2019 | Source: Der Flounder
On February 10, 2015, a number of Mac admins noticed that Apple was re-issuing a number of software updates. The updates themselves hadn’t changed, but were being reposted.
The reason was because part of the chain of certificates Apple was using to sign installers used by Apple’s software updates was expiring on February 14th, 2015.
The new expiration date was set as October 24, 2019 at 1:27 PM US Eastern Daylight Time, which is eight days from the date of this post.
Time marches on and once again, Apple is re-signing and re-issuing updates ahead of the October 24th 2019 expiration date.
It looks like the re-signed installers have an expiration date of April 14th, 2029 at 5:28 PM US Eastern Daylight Time.
The certificate expiration will also affect macOS installers or boot media that are signed with the certificates which expire on October 24th. In testing by @neilmartin83, these installers will not work properly following the certificate expiration.
Apple will also be re-signing these installers though, so the fix in most cases will be to download new copies of the relevant macOS installers from the Mac App Store or Software Update.
